The Mad River, flowing through California's Humboldt and Trinity counties, stretches approximately 113 miles from its headwaters in the Coast Range to the Pacific Ocean near Arcata. Renowned for its steelhead and salmon runs, the river offers diverse fly fishing opportunities amidst picturesque landscapes. Its varying terrain, from rugged canyons to serene estuaries, caters to anglers of all skill levels.
The Mad River can be divided into three main sections:
1. **Upper Section**: Originating in the Coast Range, this area features cold, clear waters ideal for trout fishing.
2. **Middle Section**: Flowing through Six Rivers National Forest, it offers a mix of riffles and pools, suitable for both trout and steelhead.
3. **Lower Section**: Extending from the Mad River Fish Hatchery to the estuary, this stretch is renowned for its steelhead and salmon runs, with accessible fishing spots near Blue Lake and Arcata.
The Mad River hosts a variety of fish species, including:
- **Steelhead Trout**: Both winter and summer runs, with peak seasons in December-January and August, respectively.
- **Chinook Salmon**: Fall-run Chinook appear from July, with prime fishing in October and November.
- **Coho Salmon**: Less abundant but present during the fall months.
- **Coastal Cutthroat Trout**: Native to the river, offering year-round fishing opportunities.
- **Rainbow Trout**: Resident populations thrive, especially in the upper and middle sections.
Understanding the behavior and diet of target species enhances fishing success:
- **Steelhead Trout**: During winter runs, they are aggressive and respond well to larger flies and lures. In summer, they prefer smaller presentations.
- **Chinook Salmon**: Primarily feed on smaller fish and invertebrates; during spawning runs, they may strike out of aggression.
- **Coastal Cutthroat and Rainbow Trout**: Feed on aquatic insects, small fish, and terrestrial insects, with diet varying seasonally.
Effective techniques vary by species and season:
- **Steelhead Trout**: Drift fishing with salmon roe, casting spinners, and fly fishing with sinking lines and brightly colored flies are productive.
- **Chinook Salmon**: Use fast, flashy lures like Flatfish plugs and Apex Salmon Killer spoons; roe becomes effective later in the season.
- **Trout**: Fly fishing with dry flies, nymphs, and streamers; small spinners and natural bait on ultralight spinning tackle are also effective.
Notable locations along the Mad River include:
- **Mad River Fish Hatchery Area**: Accessible and productive, especially during steelhead season.
- **Blue Lake**: Offers deep pools and slow runs, ideal for trout and seasonal salmon.
- **Mad River Mouth**: Features gravel bars and deep pools, attracting coho and steelhead.
Key access points for anglers:
- **Mad River Fish Hatchery**: Located at 1660 Hatchery Road, Arcata, CA 95521; offers parking and river access.
- **Blue Lake**: Accessible via Powerhouse #1 Road, with ample parking and scenic surroundings.
- **Hammond Bridge**: Accessible from the Hammond Trail, popular during steelhead runs.
Suggested gear includes:
- **Rods**: 7-8 weight fly rods for steelhead and salmon; 4-6 weight for trout.
- **Lines**: Floating lines for dry flies; sinking lines for nymphs and streamers.
- **Flies**: Brightly colored patterns for steelhead; natural imitations for trout.
- **Lures**: Spinners and spoons for steelhead and salmon.
Anglers are encouraged to practice catch and release, especially for wild steelhead and salmon. Adhering to local regulations and participating in habitat restoration efforts help preserve the river's ecosystem.
Be aware of changing river conditions, especially during winter rains that can cause rapid water level increases. Wearing appropriate gear, such as waders with non-slip soles, and informing someone of your fishing plans enhance safety.
Local fly shops provide gear, guides, and current river conditions. Visiting these shops supports the local economy and offers valuable insights for a successful fishing trip.
Organizations like the Mad River Alliance are dedicated to protecting and restoring the Mad River watershed. Engaging with these groups through volunteer work or donations contributes to the river's health and sustainability.