The Deschutes River in Oregon is a premier fly fishing destination, renowned for its abundant wild trout and steelhead populations. Spanning over 250 miles, the river offers diverse fishing experiences across its Upper, Middle, and Lower sections. Anglers can enjoy year-round fishing opportunities, with each season bringing unique hatches and fishing conditions. The river's scenic beauty, characterized by rugged canyons and lush riparian zones, enhances the overall experience for both novice and seasoned anglers.
The Deschutes River is divided into three main sections:
- **Upper Deschutes**: Originating from Little Lava Lake, this section flows through pine forests and meadows, offering clear, cold waters ideal for dry fly fishing.
- **Middle Deschutes**: Flowing through smaller canyons with juniper and sagebrush, this section provides diverse fishing opportunities with various hatches throughout the season.
- **Lower Deschutes**: Extending from Pelton Dam to the Columbia River, this section is famed for its robust trout and steelhead fisheries, set against dramatic basalt canyons.
The Deschutes River is home to several notable fish species:
- **Redband Rainbow Trout (Redsides)**: A unique subspecies known for their strength and vibrant coloration.
- **Steelhead**: Anadromous rainbow trout that migrate from the ocean, offering exciting fishing opportunities from mid-summer through late fall.
- **Brown Trout**: Primarily found in the Upper Deschutes, these fish provide additional angling variety.
- **Mountain Whitefish**: Common throughout the river, often caught incidentally while targeting trout.
Understanding fish behavior and diet is crucial for successful angling:
- **Trout**: Primarily insectivorous, feeding on a variety of aquatic insects such as mayflies, caddisflies, and stoneflies. Larger trout may also consume crayfish.
- **Steelhead**: While in the river, they exhibit aggressive feeding behaviors, often striking at swung flies, especially during low-light conditions.
Effective fishing methods on the Deschutes River include:
- **Dry Fly Fishing**: Particularly productive during hatches, such as the renowned Salmonfly hatch in late spring.
- **Nymphing**: Utilizing weighted nymphs to target trout feeding below the surface, especially effective in faster currents.
- **Swinging Flies**: A favored technique for steelhead, involving casting across the current and allowing the fly to swing downstream.
Notable fishing locations along the Deschutes River include:
- **Warm Springs to Trout Creek**: A productive stretch for trout fishing, accessible by boat or foot.
- **Maupin Area**: Offers both trout and steelhead fishing opportunities, with ample access points.
- **Mack's Canyon to the Mouth**: Renowned for steelhead fishing, this lower section provides a more secluded experience.
Key access points along the Deschutes River include:
- **Warm Springs Boat Launch**: Provides access to the upper stretches of the Lower Deschutes.
- **Mecca Flat Campground**: Offers camping and river access near prime fishing waters.
- **Trout Creek Campground**: A popular starting point for multi-day floats.
- **Maupin City Park**: Central access with amenities and proximity to various fishing spots.
Recommended gear for the Deschutes River includes:
- **Fly Rods**: 5 to 6 weight rods for trout; 7 to 8 weight rods for steelhead.
- **Fly Lines**: Floating lines for dry flies; sinking tips for nymphing and swinging flies.
- **Flies**: Match the hatch with patterns like Elk Hair Caddis, Pheasant Tail Nymphs, and Woolly Buggers.
- **Waders and Boots**: Sturdy waders and boots with good traction are essential due to slippery rocks and varying water depths.
Anglers are encouraged to practice responsible fishing to preserve the Deschutes River ecosystem:
- **Catch and Release**: Handle fish gently and release them promptly to ensure their survival.
- **Barbless Hooks**: Use barbless hooks to minimize injury to fish.
- **Leave No Trace**: Pack out all trash and avoid disturbing wildlife and vegetation.
Safety is paramount when fishing the Deschutes River:
- **Wading**: Use a wading staff and be cautious of slippery rocks and strong currents.
- **Weather**: Be prepared for sudden weather changes; carry appropriate clothing and gear.
- **Wildlife**: Be aware of rattlesnakes and other wildlife; give them space and respect their habitat.
Local fly shops provide valuable resources, gear, and guidance:
- **The Fly Fisher's Place**: Located in Sisters, offering a wide selection of gear and guided trips.
- **Deschutes Angler**: Based in Maupin, specializing in Deschutes River fishing with expert staff.
Several organizations work to protect and conserve the Deschutes River:
- **Deschutes River Alliance**: Focuses on preserving the health of the Deschutes River ecosystem.
- **Trout Unlimited**: Engages in conservation efforts to protect coldwater fisheries, including the Deschutes.